linux搭建dns服务器安装(linux配置dns三种方式:安装bind、bind-utils)

来源:互联网 | 2022-11-18 08:38:07 |

RHEL 7 上安装DNS服务器可以实现域名与IP的双向解析,即通过域名可以找到主机IP,也可以通过IP找到域名。在postfix搭建邮件服务器中,需要用到DNS正向解析与反向解析,因此DNS服务器大有可为。


(资料图)

首先需要安装bind,它是named服务的依赖,我们搭建DNS服务器就是要使用named服务,无需像有些文章所说的安装bind-chroot,另外我们需要通过一些命令比如nslookup,dig来检验我们的DNS服务是否正常,我们需要安装bind-utils,整个DNS服务器的安装,就只需要安装bind、bind-utils,剩下的就是配置正向解析与反向解析。

1.安装bind、bind-utils

[root@OpsNote ~]# yum install -y bind bind-utils已加载插件:langpacks, product-id, subscription-managerThis system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.aa                                                                                                                                                                      | 4.1 kB  00:00:00     软件包 32:bind-utils-9.9.4-14.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本正在解决依赖关系--> 正在检查事务---> 软件包 bind.x86_64.32.9.9.4-14.el7 将被 安装--> 解决依赖关系完成依赖关系解决=============================================================================================================================================================================================== Package                                    架构                                         版本                                                   源                                        大小===============================================================================================================================================================================================正在安装: bind                                       x86_64                                       32:9.9.4-14.el7                                        aa                                       1.8 M事务概要===============================================================================================================================================================================================安装  1 软件包总下载量:1.8 M安装大小:4.3 MDownloading packages:Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  正在安装    : 32:bind-9.9.4-14.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                1/1   验证中      : 32:bind-9.9.4-14.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                1/1 已安装:  bind.x86_64 32:9.9.4-14.el7完毕![root@OpsNote ~]# systemctl is-active namedinactive[root@OpsNote~]#

2.配置/etc/named.conf

 vim /etc/named.conf #编辑配置文件  10 options { 11         listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };   #127.0.0.1更改为any 12         listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; 13         directory       "/var/named"; 14         dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; 15         statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; 16         memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";17allow-query{localhost;};#localhost更改为any

3.配置/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
增加一个正向解析与一个反向解析的配置,可以拷贝其他的zone 配置,如下所示opsnote.com和68.168.192.in-addr.arpa两个zone是新增的

4.创建正向和反向文件

拷贝/var/named/目录下named.localhost和named.loopback分别为我们在named.rfc1912.zones中设置的正向解析文件opsnote和反向解析文件opsnote.zone,注意文件名的对应

[root@OpsNote ~]# cd /var/named/[root@OpsNote named]# lsdata  dynamic  named.ca  named.empty  named.localhost  named.loopback  slaves[root@OpsNote named]# cp -p named.localhost opsnote[root@OpsNote named]# cp -p named.loopback opsnote.zone[root@OpsNote named]# lsdata  dynamic  named.ca  named.empty  named.localhost  named.loopback  opsnote  opsnote.zone  slaves[root@OpsNote named]#

5.修改正向和反向文件

修改opsnote文件

[root@OpsNote named]# cat opsnote$TTL 1D@  IN SOA  opsnote.com. rname.invalid. (          0  ; serial          1D  ; refresh          1H  ; retry          1W  ; expire          3H )  ; minimum  NS  @  A  127.0.0.1  AAAA  ::1        NS      ns.opsnote.com.ns      IN   A 192.168.10.135www     IN   A 192.168.10.201ftp     IN   A 192.168.10.202[root@OpsNote named]#

修改opsnote.zone文件

[root@OpsNote named]# cat opsnote.zone $TTL 1D@  IN SOA  opsnote.com. rname.invalid. (          0  ; serial          1D  ; refresh          1H  ; retry          1W  ; expire          3H )  ; minimum  NS  @  A  127.0.0.1  AAAA  ::1  PTR  localhost.        NS      ns.opsnote.com.ns      A       192.168.68.135201    PTR     www.opsnote.com.202    PTR     ftp.opsnote.com.[root@OpsNote named]#

注意:named配置文件在/etc目录下,而正向解析与反向解析文件均在/var/named文件夹下

6.更改正向和反向文件所有者

反向解析文件server.com.local的所属组不是named,那么将其修改为named

[root@OpsNote named]# ll 总用量 24drwxrwx---. 2 named named    6 1月  29 2014 datadrwxrwx---. 2 named named    6 1月  29 2014 dynamic-rw-r-----. 1 root  named 2076 1月  28 2013 named.ca-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  152 12月 15 2009 named.empty-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  152 6月  21 2007 named.localhost-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  168 12月 15 2009 named.loopback-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  285 9月  10 16:03 opsnote-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  307 9月  10 16:05 opsnote.zonedrwxrwx---. 2 named named    6 1月  29 2014 slaves[root@OpsNote named]# chown named opsnote opsnote.zone [root@OpsNote named]# ll 总用量 24drwxrwx---. 2 named named    6 1月  29 2014 datadrwxrwx---. 2 named named    6 1月  29 2014 dynamic-rw-r-----. 1 root  named 2076 1月  28 2013 named.ca-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  152 12月 15 2009 named.empty-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  152 6月  21 2007 named.localhost-rw-r-----. 1 root  named  168 12月 15 2009 named.loopback-rw-r-----. 1 named named  285 9月  10 16:03 opsnote-rw-r-----. 1 named named  307 9月  10 16:05 opsnote.zonedrwxrwx---. 2 named named    6 1月  29 2014 slaves[root@OpsNotenamed]#

7.启动服务

[root@OpsNote named]# cat /etc/resolv.conf # Generated by NetworkManagerdomain localdomainsearch localdomainnameserver 192.168.68.135[root@OpsNotenamed]#systemctlstartnamed[root@OpsNote named]# firewall-cmd --add-service=dns success[root@OpsNote named]# 

8.测试

在另外一台rhel 7(192.168.68.131)上面配置好DNS:192.168.68.135,测试

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig  ens32ens32: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500        inet 192.168.68.131  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.68.255        inet6 fe80::4c67:9a21:2e77:422a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>        ether 00:0c:29:56:1a:03  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)        RX packets 1674  bytes 1732919 (1.6 MiB)        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0        TX packets 607  bytes 70284 (68.6 KiB)TXerrors0dropped0overruns0carrier0collisions0[root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf# Generated by NetworkManagersearch localdomainnameserver 192.168.68.135[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.68.135 -c1PING 192.168.68.135 (192.168.68.135) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 192.168.68.135: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.60 ms--- 192.168.68.135 ping statistics ---1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0msrtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.609/1.609/1.609/0.000 ms[root@localhost ~]# nslookup www.opsnote.comServer:    192.168.68.135Address:  192.168.68.135#53Name:  www.opsnote.comAddress: 192.168.10.201[root@localhost ~]# nslookup ftp.opsnote.comServer:    192.168.68.135Address:  192.168.68.135#53Name:  ftp.opsnote.comAddress: 192.168.10.202[root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# nslookup ns.opsnote.comServer:    192.168.68.135Address:  192.168.68.135#53Name:  ns.opsnote.comAddress:192.168.10.135[root@localhost ~]#

关键词: linux